Lubricating compound



tented Get. 27, W36

attests ILWRHGATHNG QQIWEPQWND Waldersee h. Hendrey, Beacon, N. W assignor to The Texas Company, New York, N. 21., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application .llniy llll, i933,

- Serial No. 67931? t Claims.

chiefly to keep the soap and oil from separating. f

When this mixture is added to water, an oil-lnwater emulsion forms, the soap acting as an emulsifying agent. It has been found that when emulsions of this type are used as Coolants in the cutting or shaping of metals, the conditions to which the emulsions are subjected often bring about the separation of the oil from its emulsified form. Furthermore, gummy compounds may performed by the oxidation of the soaps.

I have discovered that a highly satisfactory soluble oil, which is stable under all normal conditions of use and which does not precipitate gummy compounds, may be prepared from. a petroleum hydrocarbon lubricating oil in which there has been dissolved an oiland water-solm ble soap and a small quantity of pine oil. When a soluble oil prepared in this manner is mixed with water, a cutting oil emulsion of extremely high stability results.

In preparing soluble oils of the type disclosed above, any one of the well-lmownalkali metal soaps may be used as an emulsifying agent. These include the soaps of fatty acids, rosin acids, sulionic acids, as well as naphthenic acids recoverable from petroleum. Thesodium naphthenates are particularly valuable in that they are extremely stable and in that they do not aflect deleteriously the metals with which they come in contact. in use.

Although pine oil has been found to be a most satisfactory stabilizing agent, oxygenated terpene derivatives such as terpineol, borneol, ienchyl alcohol and camphor or mixtures of the same may be employed.

I have also discovered that the presence of a small quantity of water is desirable in the soluble oil base in that it greatly enhances the emulsification of the base with water in forming the cutting oil emulsion. The most desirable quantity of water for this purpose has been found to be in the neighborhood of 2% but smaller or larger percentages than this may be found advantageous in particular cases.

As an example of the application of my invention, I give herewith a typical composition which, when mixed with from 5-50 parts of water, yields a cutting oil emulsion of extremely high stabllityr Per cent Lubricating oil having a viscosity of 100 seconds Saybolt universal Sodium naphthenate 16 Water 2 Pine oil 2 acids with the proper amount of a. caustic soda solution. The mixture is then boiled under carefully controlled conditions to bring about the vaporization of the Water. When the mixture is reduced to the proper water content, the proper proportion of pine oil and the remainder of the mineral oil is added and dissolved in the mixture with stirring.

Petroleum hydrocarbon oils of widely varying characteristics may be found suitable in preparing soluble oils .inaccordance with the present invention. The proper choice of the particular oil is dictated at all times by the use to which the final cutting oil emulsion is to be subjected. In some cases, instead of using a particular hydrocarbon oil fraction, it may be found advantageous to use a mixture of petroleum. hydrocarbons, which mixture may consist of a heavy lubricating oil out back or diluted with lighter hydrocarbons.

Obviously many modifications and variations of the invention, as hereinbeforeiset forth, may be made without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, and therefore only such limitations should be imposed as are indicated in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A soluble oil consisting essentially of a mixture of a low viscosity mineral lubricating oil, sodium naphthenate, from 1-5% of pine oil, and about 2% of water.

2. A soluble oil consisting of from 78-82% of 4. A soluble oil consisting essentially of a mixa light mineral lubricating oil, from 14-18% of ture of mineral lubricating oil, an alkali metal sodium naphthenate, 2% of pine oil, and 2% of soap, from 1-5% of oxygenated terpene selected water. from the group consisting o1 pine oil, terplneol,

3. A soluble oil consisting essentially of a mixborneol, fenchyl alcohol and camphor, and about 6 ture of mineral lubricating oil, an alkali metal 2% of water.

soap, from 1-5% of pine oil and about 2% of WALDERSEE B. HENDR-EY. water. 

